CONCEPTION D’UN SYSTÈME D’AIDE A LA CONDUITE POUR VEHICULE DE TOURISME (ANTICOLLISION)

A study of Automobile fleet in Cameroon shows that, tourisms vehicles represent over 56.4% of Cameroon’s Automobile fleet and these vehicles are the most involved in accidents in urban towns like Douala. The World health Organisation’s (WHO) report on road security in 2013 precise that, in Cameroon one vehicle kills an average of 123.8 times more than in developed countries. The same report states that, Cameroon registers and average of 2000 accidents yearly and that 87% are due to human causes (inattentiveness, over speeding). With pedestrians and light vehicles (bicycles, motorcycles and tricycles) representing 25% and 44% of casualties often involved in these accidents. Vehicle manufacturers are dressing these challenges by developing Advance Drivers Assistance Systems (ADAS) which also involve Collision Avoidance systems (CAS). This thesis aims at developing a new CAS based in sensor solutions that will make vehicles «to look ahead» and detect obstacles (vehicles and pedestrians) in their surroundings and avoid collision either by braking, deviating or by braking and deviating at the same time in accidental condition where the driver could not react on time. It investigates the state of the art in this domain, reviewing deliberative and active methods, video-based approaches (stereo vision camera), approaches involving active sensors (Radar) and Artificial intelligence (AI)

CONCEPTION D’UN SYSTÈME D’AIDE A LA CONDUITE POUR VEHICULE DE TOURISME (ANTICOLLISION)

A study of Automobile fleet in Cameroon shows that, tourisms vehicles represent over 56.4% of Cameroon’s Automobile fleet and these vehicles are the most involved in accidents in urban towns like Douala. The World health Organisation’s (WHO) report on road security in 2013 precise that, in Cameroon one vehicle kills an average of 123.8 times more than in developed countries. The same report states that, Cameroon registers and average of 2000 accidents yearly and that 87% are due to human causes (inattentiveness, over speeding). With pedestrians and light vehicles (bicycles, motorcycles and tricycles) representing 25% and 44% of casualties often involved in these accidents. Vehicle manufacturers are dressing these challenges by developing Advance Drivers Assistance Systems (ADAS) which also involve Collision Avoidance systems (CAS). This thesis aims at developing a new CAS based in sensor solutions that will make vehicles «to look ahead» and detect obstacles (vehicles and pedestrians) in their surroundings and avoid collision either by braking, deviating or by braking and deviating at the same time in accidental condition where the driver could not react on time. It investigates the state of the art in this domain, reviewing deliberative and active methods, video-based approaches (stereo vision camera), approaches involving active sensors (Radar) and Artificial intelligence (AI)

Afri-Can Forum 2

CITATION: Mukudu, H., et al. 2016. Afri-Can Forum 2. BMC Infectious Diseases, 16:315, doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1466-6.The original publication is available at https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.comENGLISH ABSTRACT: We are pleased to present peer reviewed forum proceedings of the 2nd synchronicity forum of GHRI/CHVIfunded Canadian and African HIV prevention and vaccine teams Forum objectives ∙GHRI-funded capacity building and HIV prevention research teams presented highlights of achievements ∙Teams discussed how to jointly build on achievements for sustainability ∙Provided an opportunity for inter-team collaboration, synchronize best approach to capacity building, mentoring of new researchers and building leadership ∙Provided opportunities for informal discussions and networking among the teams. ∙Teams learnt about recent advances in the area of African regulatory and ethics review process ∙The forum proceedings was a special supplement in an openaccess journal was producedhttps://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-16-supplement-2Publisher's versio

Genome-wide association study identifies loci influencing concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma.

Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci associated with concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma, of which 32 are new associations (P = 10(-8) to P = 10(-190)). We used functional genomic approaches including metabonomic profiling and gene expression analyses to identify probable candidate genes at these regions. We identified 69 candidate genes, including genes involved in biliary transport (ATP8B1 and ABCB11), glucose, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, JMJD1C, HNF1A, MLXIPL, PNPLA3, PPP1R3B, SLC2A2 and TRIB1), glycoprotein biosynthesis and cell surface glycobiology (ABO, ASGR1, FUT2, GPLD1 and ST3GAL4), inflammation and immunity (CD276, CDH6, GCKR, HNF1A, HPR, ITGA1, RORA and STAT4) and glutathione metabolism (GSTT1, GSTT2 and GGT), as well as several genes of uncertain or unknown function (including ABHD12, EFHD1, EFNA1, EPHA2, MICAL3 and ZNF827). Our results provide new insight into genetic mechanisms and pathways influencing markers of liver function

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially